Recent Pediatric Cases

Middle interhemispheric variant of holoprosencephaly

A preterm baby girl born at 33 weeks’ gestation to a mother with maternal diabetes and a history of perinatal cocaine-use was diagnosed prenatally with midline interhemispheric variant (MIHV) of holoprosencephaly via ultrasonography and fetal MRI at 19 weeks’ gestation.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis

A 15-month-old boy presented to our institution with a history of persistent neck pain. A diagnosis of bilateral mastoiditis was made a few weeks earlier after the child had refused to move his neck.

Osteopathia striata

A 3-year-old male with history of autism fell down the stairs. The child was limping and refused to bear weight after the fall.

How We Do It

Treatment of a pseudoaneurysm

A PsA can occur in any artery in the body. The clinical presentation of a PsA is usually a tender, pulsatile mass in the region of an artery. There is often associated redness, pain with palpation and warmth of the skin. If there is the suspicion of a PsA, confirmation by US with Doppler examination is indicated.

Localizing small pulmonary nodules for resection

There seems to be increasing interest by caregivers and patients to rapidly diagnose the etiology of small pulmonary nodules (e.g., suspected metastases, fungal infiltrates or PTLD). Lesions > 1 cm and those abutting or near to the pleural surface are usually amenable to transthoracic image-guided core or fine needle aspiration biopsy.

Approach to local anesthesia in children

A minor pain at the beginning of a procedure can upset the child, making completion of the procedure more difficult. The best way to minimize the intensity of a painful stimulus is to provide suitable skin and track anesthesia to the level of the target anatomy.

Ultrasound diagnosis of midgut volvulus

An 11-month-old boy presented to the emergency department with non-bloody, non-bilious emesis. The patient was diagnosed with gastroenteritis and sent home.